For patients with inadequately treated epilepsy, tremor, dystonia, spasticity, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, functional neurosurgery offers hope. Functional Neurosurgery: The Essentials is a reader-friendly introduction to this fascinating and rapidly evolving field. The text is edited by internationally prominent functional neurosurgeons Jeffrey A. Brown, Julie G. Pilitsis, and Michael Schulder. It features contributions from authors with expertise spanning the disciplines of neurosurgery, neurology, rehabilitation and physical medicine, neurophysiology, bioengineering, psychiatry and ophthalmology.

Opening with a brief history of stereotaxy/functional neurosurgery and brain stereotactic frames, 41 concise and coherent chapters explore cutting-edge approaches to a broad range of functionally treatable conditions. The chapters yield a solid foundation of understanding of the field, with insightful commentary, pearls, and nuances from the editors. The starting question in the neuroprosthetics chapter, “Can a computer infer human intention or perception?” brings to life the exciting, inquisitive, and pioneering spirit of this subspecialty. The robust reference list provides a guide to deeper study that should continue throughout training and practice.

Highlights

• Imaging: MRI and CT for stereotactic neurosurgery, fMRI and resting state MRI
• Movement disorders: A comparative analysis of the risks and benefits of deep brain stimulation versus lesioning
• Epilepsy: Temporal lobectomy and extra-temporal surgery; invasive monitoring, neuromodulation, laser interstitial thermal therapy, and vagus nerve stimulation
• Dystonia: Etiology to diagnosis, medical and surgical options
• Future innovations: Exoskeletons, intention controlled, and visual neuroprosthetics

The text is a fundamental resource for neurosurgical residents during their functional neurosurgery rotations and for general neurosurgeons and functional subspecialists on procedures they may not routinely perform in clinical practice.

Contents

۱ History of Innovation in Stereotaxy/Functional Neurosurgery
۲ A Brief History of Brain Stereotactic Frames
۳ Frameless Navigation
۴ MRI and CT Imaging with Stereotactic Neurosurgery
۵ Functional Neuroimaging II: fMRI and Resting State MRI
۶ Functional Neuroimging II
۷ Intraoperative CT Imaging
۸ Microelectrode Recordings in Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Movement Disorders
۹ Cortical and Subcortical Mapping
۱۰ Parkinson Disease–Evaluation and Medical Treatment
۱۱ Surgery for Parkinson’s Disease
۱۲ Essential Tremor: Evaluation, Imaging and Medical Treatment
۱۳ Surgery for Essential Tremor
۱۴ Dystonia: Evaluation, Imaging and Medical Treatment
۱۵ Surgical Treatment of Dystonia
۱۶ Deep Brain Stimulation for Rare Movement Disorders
۱۷ Lesioning versus Deep Brain Stimulation for Movement Disorders
۱۸ Spasticity: Evaluation, Medical and Preoperative Considerations
۱۹ Surgery for Spasticity: Rhizotomy and Intrathecal Therapy
۲۰ Epilepsy: Preoperative Evaluation, EEG and Imaging
۲۱ Epilepsy: Temporal Lobectomy with Invasive Monitoring
۲۲ Epilepsy: Extra-Temporal Surgery with Invasive Monitoring
۲۳ Neuromodulation in Epilepsy
۲۴ Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Epilepsy
۲۵ Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Epilepsy
۲۶ Neuroethics Essentials in Functional Neurosurgery for Neurobehavioral Disorders
۲۷ Depression
۲۸ Functional Neurosurgery for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
۲۹ Neurosurgery Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa
۳۰ Anterior Capsulotomy for Treatment of Refractory Schizophrenia
۳۱ Alzheimer’s Disease: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Surgery
۳۲ Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
۳۳ Principles of Chronic Nociceptive and Neuropathic Pain
۳۴ Neuromodulation for Neuropathic Pain
۳۵ Spinal Cord Stimulation Using High Frequency and Burst Waveform Variation
۳۶ Ablative Procedures for Trigeminal Neuralgia
۳۷ Principles of Trigeminal Neuralgia
۳۸ Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring during Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia
۳۹ Neuroprosthetics
۴۰ Exoskeletons
۴۱ Visual Prostheses