In this second edition, we refi ne and expand our teaching in the area of pain treatment using neuromodulation, which we believe is critical to reduce the global epidemic of opioid abuse, societal dysfunction, and the malaise of suffering that so many experience. Added improvements in this edition include new techniques, new targets, new waveforms, and new concepts in neurostimulation. We also update the brain and spine sections for the neurosurgical treatment of pain via neural bioelectric delivery. The use of intrathecal drug delivery is updated with a focus on safety. We add a section of infection control and reduction of bleeding risks. We have added new drawings, photographs, and tables to further make this a more comprehensive Atlas and to make it more applicable in daily use by our readers. In the past 5 years, much has evolved in the field of neuromodulation. In addition to pain, we are making great advances in the area of urinary and gastrointestinal health, cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson’s disease, infl ammatory diseases of the body, and neurological diseases that are life altering and very expensive to society. We expect the third volume of this Atlas in a few years to focus on all of these areas of interest and neuromodulation for the treatment of pain to play a smaller yet important role in a vastly expanding field. This book is intended to complement fellowship training, peer-to-peer experiences, and hands-on continuing medical education. By giving the visual description of each technique, we intend to improve physician practice and enhance outcomes. The physicians who have collaborated on this book are world class in their research, clinical acumen, and ethics of practice. We are hopeful that this book becomes a daily reference for students, residents, fellows, and experienced physicians as they strive to help ease suffering.

Review

Contents

۱: History of Neurostimulation
۲: Patient Selection
۳: Disease Indications
۴: Preoperative Evaluation for Spinal Cord Stimulation
۵: Perioperative Precautions for Infection Control
۶: Needle Placement for Percutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation of the Back and Legs
۷: Physician-Guided Lead Placement: Driving the Lead to the Target Location
۸: Stimulation of the Spinal Cord by Placement of Surgical-Based Paddle Leads
۹: Programming Spinal Cord Stimulation Systems
۱۰: Anchoring Percutaneous Leads During Permanent Device Placement
۱۱: Tunneling Spinal Cord Stimulation Systems
۱۲: Pocketing Techniques for Spinal Cord Stimulation and Peripheral Nerve Stimulation
۱۳: Wound Closure
۱۴: Wound Healing
۱۵: Complications of Spinal Cord Stimulation
۱۶: Stimulation of the Nervous System to Treat Neuropathic Pain of the Foot
۱۷: Sacral Nerve Root Stimulation for the Treatment of Pelvic and Rectal Pain
۱۸: Selective Nerve Root Stimulation: Facilitating the Cephalocaudal ”Retrograde”Method of Electrode Insertion
۱۹: Neurostimulation for the Treatment of Anterior Abdominal Pain
۲۰: Electromyographic/Somatosensory- Evoked Potential Monitoring During Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord Stimulation
۲۱: Electromyographic/Somatosensory Evoked Potential Monitoring During Sacral Neuromodulation
۲۲: The Future of Neurostimulation
۲۳: Spinal Cord Stimulation of the Dorsal Root Ganglion for the Treatment of Pain
۲۴: High-Frequency Stimulation of the Spinal Cord
۲۵: Burst Stimulation: An Innovative Waveform Strategy for Spinal Cord Stimulation
۲۶: Stimulation of the Extraspinal Peripheral Nervous System
۲۷: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Knee Pain
۲۸: Neurostimulation of the Upper Extremity by Conventional Peripheral Nerve Stimulation
۲۹: Ultrasound Guidance for the Placement of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Devices
۳۰: High-Frequency Electric Nerve Block to Treat Postamputation Pain
۳۱: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Miniaturization
۳۲: Neurostimulation: Stimulation of the Cranium and Head: Stimulation of the Deep Brain for the Treatment of Chronic Pain
۳۳: Stimulation of the Motor Cortex to Treat Chronic Pain
۳۴: Stimulation of the Peripheral Nervous System: Occipital Techniques for the Treatment of Occipital Neuritis and Transformed Migraine
۳۵: History of Intrathecal Drug Delivery
۳۶: Selection and Indications for Intrathecal Pump Placement
۳۷: Placement of Intrathecal Needle and Catheter for Chronic Infusion
۳۸: Securing and Anchoring Permanent Intrathecal Catheters
۳۹: Tunneling Permanent Intrathecal Catheters
۴۰: Pocketing for Intrathecal Drug Delivery Systems
۴۱: Drug Selection for Intrathecal Drug Delivery
۴۲: Intrathecal Pump Refills
۴۳: Complications of Intrathecal Drug Delivery