Tis third edition of Fetal Cardiology: Embryology, Genetics, Physiology, Echocardiographic Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Perinatal Management of Cardiac Diseases marks a new beginning in our specialty. Like the frst two editions, this edition was created through the generosity of the many professionals who shared their expertise: obstetricians, pediatric cardiologists, sonographers, molecular biologists, and medical physicists. Tis latest edition adds a complement of twelve new chapters, reflecting the immense strides made in recent years. We are delighted to welcome many new contributors, leaders in their specialties writing on diverse topics, to our team.

About the Author

is Professor and Head of Division, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel; Founder and former Chairman of the Israel Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology; and Founding Chairman of the Israel Society for Placenta Research, 2009-2014. is Professor, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, USA. is Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bonn, Germany.

Simcha Yagel MD
Norman H. Silverman MD, DSc, FACC
Ulrich Gembruch MD, PhD

Contents

۱. Cardiac morphogenesis۲. Cardiac anatomy and examination of specimens۳. Placental implantation and development۴. Placental circulations۵. Technical advances in fetal echocardiography۶. Epidemiology of congenital heart disease: Etiology, pathogenesis, and incidence۷. Indications for fetal echocardiography: Screening in low- and high-risk population۸. Circulation in the normal fetus and cardiovascular adaptations to birth۹. Development of fetal cardiac and extracardiac Doppler flows in early gestation۱۰. The examination of the normal fetal heart using two-dimensional echocardiography۱۱. The three vessel and tracheal view۱۲. First and early second trimester fetal heart screening۱۳. Four-dimensional ultrasound examination of the fetal heart using Spatiotemporal Image Correlation (STIC)۱۴. Three- and four-dimensional ultrasound in fetal echocardiography: A new look at the fetal heart۱۵. Magnetic resonance imaging: Techniques and normal fetal cardiovascular physiology۱۶. Magnetic resonance imaging: Abnormalities of the fetal circulation۱۷. Abnormal visceral and atrial situs and congenital heart disease۱۸. Cardiac malpositions and syndromes with right or left atrial isomerism۱۹. Pulmonary vein anomalies۲۰. Ebstein’s malformation and tricuspid valve pathology۲۱. Intracardiac shunt malformations۲۲. Atrioventricular septal defect (“atrioventricular canal”)۲۳. Double inlet ventricle۲۴. Lesions of the right heart۲۵. Ventricular outflow tract anomalies (“conotruncal anomalies”)۲۶. Tetralogy of Fallot۲۷. Double outlet right ventricle۲۸. Truncus arteriosus۲۹. Transposition of the great arteries۳۰. Left heart malformations۳۱. Aortic arch anomalies۳۲. Coarctation of the aorta and interrupted aortic arch۳۳. Diseases of the myocardium, endocardium, and pericardium during fetal life and cardiomyopathy in the fetus۳۴. Ultrasound examination of the fetal coronary circulation۳۵. The fetal venous system: Normal embryology, anatomy, physiology, and the development of anomalies۳۶. Fetal cardiac tumors۳۷. The fetal thymus۳۸. Extracardiac Doppler investigation in fetuses with congenital heart disease۳۹. Electrophysiology for the perinatologist۴۰. Fetal bradycardia۴۱. Fetal tachyarrhythmia۴۲. Cardiac diseases in association with hydrops fetalis۴۳. Congestive heart failure in the fetus۴۴. Twin–twin transfusion syndrome: Impact on the cardiovascular system۴۵. Fetal interventions for congenital heart disease۴۶. Doppler evaluation in fetal growth restriction۴۷. Venous flow dynamics: Intrauterine growth restriction and cardiac decompensation۴۸. Evaluation of fetal cardiac function: Techniques and implications۴۹. Genetics and cardiac anomalies۵۰. Cardiac defects in chromosomally abnormal fetuses۵۱. Associated anomalies in congenital heart disease۵۲. Chromosome microarray analysis of the fetal heart۵۳. Congenital cardiovascular malformations and the fetal and neonatal circulation۵۴. Intrapartum evaluation of fetal well-being۵۵. Intrapartum and delivery room management of the fetus with Congenital Heart Disease۵۶. The neonate with congenital heart disease: Medical and interventional management۵۷. Infants with congenital heart disease in the first year of life۵۸. Neurodevelopment in CHD: Intrauterine Doppler and fetal and neonatal MRI۶۰. Genetic counseling in families with congenital heart defects۶۱. Cardiac disease in pregnancy۶۲. Maternal diseases and therapies affecting the fetal cardiovascular system